1Password vs 2FAS

Agent access

1. ai-native userPoint an agent at llms.txt or agent-oriented docs

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password✓fullprobed9/10

   1Password.dev and support.1password.com both serve confirmed llms.txt/llms-full.txt files plus markdown mirrors of every docs page, and this is directly verified via live probes, not just claims. missing for 10: independent third-party (non-vendor) confirmation that agents actually consume these files successfully in practice.

   • [probe] “PROBE llms.txt: HTTP 200 at https://support.1password.com/llms.txt # 1Password Support > LLM-friendly exports of English public support gui…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1password.dev serves llms.txt ('# 1Password Developer Documentation') plus llms-full.txt, and every doc…”
   • [claimed-docs] “The 1Password Environments MCP Server lets MCP clients such as Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, and Kiro securely manage your 1Password Environme…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1Password's public docs MCP server at https://www.1password.dev/mcp completed a FULL keyless initialize…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullprobed9/10

   Direct probe confirms a live llms.txt with an explicit 'For AI agents' section, plus modular per-section llms files, llms-full.txt, per-page .md mirrors, and Accept: text/markdown rendering — strong first-party agent-oriented docs infrastructure verified via runtime probes. Missing for 10: no independent/community corroboration of agents actually consuming these docs in practice.

   • [probe] “PROBE llms.txt: HTTP 200 at https://2fas.com/llms.txt # 2FAS — Password Manager and Authenticator > Local-first password manager (2FAS Pass…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): machine-readable pricing verified live at https://2fas.com/.well-known/pricing.md — '# 2FAS Pricing... …”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

2. ai-native userRun the product headlessly / in CI for automation

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullprobed8/10

   1Password ships a dedicated CLI (confirmed packaged via Homebrew cask), Service Accounts explicitly for automating secrets in CI/infrastructure without extra services, Connect Servers exposing a REST API for machine workflows, and a Credential Broker for CI/CD short-lived access — all first-party documented and headless by design. Missing for 10: independent hands-on case studies/community reports specifically validating CI pipeline usage rather than just vendor docs.

   • [claimed-docs] “1Password CLI brings 1Password to your terminal. Learn how to install the CLI, then integrate it with your 1Password app and sign in with To…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use the 1Password Credential Broker to give CI/CD and other machine workflows short-lived access to secrets, without managing service accoun…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Service Accounts help automate secrets management in your applications and infrastructure without the need to deploy additional se…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”
   • [probe] “official CLI documented at https://www.1password.dev/cli/get-started”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is a mobile authenticator/password manager with no CLI, headless mode, or API for CI/automation; the product's own llms.txt explicitly declares 'Public API: None' and is local-first by design, meaning it cannot be run headlessly or scripted in CI.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

3. ai-native userConnect an agent via an official MCP server

   weight 3 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullprobed8/10

   1Password ships an official Environments MCP Server that lets MCP clients (Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, Kiro) securely manage 1Password Environments without exposing secrets to the agent, and a runtime probe confirms a live keyless MCP initialize handshake against 1Password's own MCP endpoint. This is first-party documentation plus real runtime corroboration of the server actually working. Missing for 10: broader independent/community hands-on reports beyond the vendor probe, and clarity since the Environments MCP server is explicitly marked Beta.

   • [claimed-docs] “The 1Password Environments MCP Server lets MCP clients such as Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, and Kiro securely manage your 1Password Environme…”
   • [probe] “official MCP server documented at https://www.1password.dev/environments/mcp-server”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1Password's public docs MCP server at https://www.1password.dev/mcp completed a FULL keyless initialize…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is a password/2FA manager, not an agent, so an MCP server axis could plausibly apply to its ecosystem; however evidence explicitly states 'Public API: None' and no OpenAPI/MCP endpoint exists, with probes confirming no API surface for agents to connect to.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

4. ai-native userUse an official CLI

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullprobed9/10

   1Password ships an official `op` CLI with detailed docs, reference commands, Homebrew packaging, and integration with secrets automation, service accounts, and SSH/Git workflows, making it well-suited to AI-native/agentic scripting. missing for 10: independent hands-on review or benchmark of the CLI's use in agentic workflows beyond vendor docs and packaging.

   • [claimed-docs] “1Password CLI brings 1Password to your terminal. Learn how to install the CLI, then integrate it with your 1Password app and sign in with To…”
   • [claimed-docs] “op item list --vault Private”
   • [probe] “official CLI documented at https://www.1password.dev/cli/get-started”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use the 1Password SSH Agent to authenticate all your Git and SSH workflows.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is a mobile/browser 2FA and password-manager app with no evidence of an official CLI; docs explicitly note 'Public API: None' and no CLI tool is mentioned anywhere in the evidence pack.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

5. ai-native userDrive the product through a documented public API

   weight 3 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullprobed9/10

   1Password exposes a well-documented public API surface for programmatic control: a scriptable CLI (op), official SDKs in Go/JS/Python, a Connect Server REST API, Service Accounts, Events API, and even a public MCP server for AI agents — all backed by first-party docs and confirmed via runtime probes (CLI packaged in Homebrew, MCP handshake succeeding, llms.txt/markdown mirrors of docs). This directly satisfies an AI-native user's need to drive the product via documented APIs rather than only a GUI. Missing for 10: independent third-party developer testimonials/case studies of building against these APIs beyond vendor docs and probes.

   • [claimed-docs] “1Password CLI brings 1Password to your terminal. Learn how to install the CLI, then integrate it with your 1Password app and sign in with To…”
   • [claimed-docs] “op item list --vault Private”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Service Accounts help automate secrets management in your applications and infrastructure without the need to deploy additional se…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [github] “Build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password.”
   • [claimed-docs] “The 1Password Environments MCP Server lets MCP clients such as Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, and Kiro securely manage your 1Password Environme…”
   • [probe] “official MCP server documented at https://www.1password.dev/environments/mcp-server”
   • [probe] “official CLI documented at https://www.1password.dev/cli/get-started”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1Password's public docs MCP server at https://www.1password.dev/mcp completed a FULL keyless initialize…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1password.dev serves llms.txt ('# 1Password Developer Documentation') plus llms-full.txt, and every doc…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS explicitly states 'Public API: None' in its own llms.txt, and OpenAPI/swagger probes all return 404, confirming there is no documented public API to drive the product programmatically — it is local-first by design.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

6. ai-native userIssue scoped/least-privilege API credentials for an agent

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialprobed6/10

   1Password Service Accounts and Connect Servers support scoped, vault-limited, short-lived credentials for machine/agent workflows, and the Environments MCP Server explicitly avoids returning secrets to the agent, which aligns with least-privilege agent access. However, evidence doesn't show fine-grained per-agent scoping controls, credential rotation/expiry specifics, or audit tooling tailored to AI agents specifically (vs generic machine/service workflows). missing for 10: documentation of granular per-agent permission scoping, credential lifecycle/expiry controls for agents, and independent/hands-on verification of least-privilege enforcement in agent contexts.

   • [claimed-docs] “Use the 1Password Credential Broker to give CI/CD and other machine workflows short-lived access to secrets, without managing service accoun…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Service Accounts help automate secrets management in your applications and infrastructure without the need to deploy additional se…”
   • [claimed-docs] “The 1Password Environments MCP Server lets MCP clients such as Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, and Kiro securely manage your 1Password Environme…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1Password's public docs MCP server at https://www.1password.dev/mcp completed a FULL keyless initialize…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is a local-first authenticator/password manager with no public API; its own llms.txt explicitly states 'Public API: None' and no agent-callable endpoint for token generation, so there is no mechanism to issue scoped/least-privilege API credentials for an agent.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

7. ai-native userBuild against official SDKs

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullprobed8/10

   1Password ships official SDKs for Go, JavaScript, and Python for programmatically interacting with vaults, secrets, and items, backed by GitHub repos, docs, and complementary CLI/Connect/Service Accounts tooling for automation workflows. missing for 10: independent third-party developer testimonials/case studies validating real-world SDK usage beyond vendor docs and GitHub repo descriptions.

   • [claimed-docs] “Secure your applications: Load secrets into your code with secret references or read environment variables from 1Password Environments.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Automate item management: Programmatically manage items in your 1Password account.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [github] “Build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Service Accounts help automate secrets management in your applications and infrastructure without the need to deploy additional se…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS explicitly declares 'Public API: None' and has no OpenAPI/SDK endpoints; probes confirm no SDK or API surface exists for developers to build against.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

8. ai-native userSubscribe to events via webhooks

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   1Password documents an Events API for retrieving account activity and forwarding it to a SIEM system, but this is a pull-based polling API, not a webhook subscription mechanism. No evidence anywhere in the pack shows a webhook registration/callback capability for AI-native or any consumers.

   • [claimed-docs] “The 1Password Events API allows you to retrieve information about activity in your 1Password Business account and send it to your security i…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is explicitly local-first with no public API ('Public API: None' per its own llms.txt), and no evidence anywhere mentions webhooks or event subscriptions; this is a password/2FA app, not an event-driven platform.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Agentic features

1. ai-native userSet up automations that run autonomously in the background

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialprobed5/10

   1Password provides machine-facing automation building blocks — Service Accounts, Connect Servers, Credential Broker, CLI, and SDKs — that let CI/CD pipelines and other unattended workflows fetch secrets autonomously in the background, and the Environments MCP Server lets AI agents manage secrets without human intervention. However, there's no evidence of a general-purpose scheduler, trigger system, or orchestration layer for building broader 'automations' beyond secrets retrieval/injection. Missing for 10: native scheduling/triggers, workflow orchestration UI, and evidence of autonomous multi-step automations beyond secret access.

   • [claimed-docs] “Use the 1Password Credential Broker to give CI/CD and other machine workflows short-lived access to secrets, without managing service accoun…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Service Accounts help automate secrets management in your applications and infrastructure without the need to deploy additional se…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Secure your applications: Load secrets into your code with secret references or read environment variables from 1Password Environments.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1Password's public docs MCP server at https://www.1password.dev/mcp completed a FULL keyless initialize…”
   • [claimed-docs] “The 1Password Environments MCP Server lets MCP clients such as Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, and Kiro securely manage your 1Password Environme…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   The axis applies to this product kind (peer products hold positive or none verdicts on this story), so lack of evidence for an applicable capability is "none", never "na". (na/none harmonized at arena bring-up — see pipeline/scripts/na-harmonize.ts.)

   ⚑ flag

2. ai-native userOperate the product with natural-language commands

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialprobed6/10

   1Password ships an official Environments MCP Server that lets AI agents (Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, Kiro) manage 1Password Environments via natural-language prompts through MCP clients, and a public docs MCP server for AI-readable documentation — genuine natural-language operability. However this is explicitly Beta and scoped only to Environments/secrets management, not the broader vault/login/passkey functionality that makes up most of 1Password's product surface, and the primary automation surface (CLI, SDKs) is structured commands, not natural language. Missing for 10: NL control over core password/vault/item management, general-availability status of the MCP server, independent hands-on verification of the NL workflow.

   • [claimed-docs] “The 1Password Environments MCP Server lets MCP clients such as Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, and Kiro securely manage your 1Password Environme…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1Password's public docs MCP server at https://www.1password.dev/mcp completed a FULL keyless initialize…”
   • [probe] “official MCP server documented at https://www.1password.dev/environments/mcp-server”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   The axis applies to this product kind (peer products hold positive or none verdicts on this story), so lack of evidence for an applicable capability is "none", never "na". (na/none harmonized at arena bring-up — see pipeline/scripts/na-harmonize.ts.)

   ⚑ flag

Api quality

1. ai-native userExplore an interactive API reference with runnable examples

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   1Password ships CLI/SDK/API docs, llms.txt exports, and an MCP server, but nothing in the evidence describes an interactive API reference with runnable/try-it examples (e.g., an API console or embedded sandbox); the CLI reference is static text, not executable in-browser. missing for 10: an interactive API explorer/playground, evidence of runnable code samples, any 'try it' console for the REST or SDK APIs.

   • [claimed-docs] “op item list --vault Private”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1password.dev serves llms.txt ('# 1Password Developer Documentation') plus llms-full.txt, and every doc…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   No evidence of an interactive API reference or runnable examples; openapi probe returned 404s across all candidate paths and llms.txt explicitly states 'Public API: None' since 2FAS is local-first with no agent-callable endpoints.

   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

2. ai-native userDownload a machine-readable API spec (OpenAPI or equivalent)

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   1Password documents REST APIs (Connect Server, Events API) and SDKs, but no evidence pack item mentions a downloadable OpenAPI/Swagger spec or any machine-readable API schema for these APIs. Missing for 10: any OpenAPI/Swagger file, schema reference, or equivalent machine-readable spec for Connect, Events API, or SDKs.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   Direct probes for OpenAPI/swagger specs all returned 404, and the product's own llms.txt explicitly states 'Public API: None,' confirming no machine-readable API spec is offered.

   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

3. ai-native userRely on versioned APIs with a documented deprecation policy

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence pack shows 1Password has developer APIs, SDKs, CLI, and Connect servers, but nowhere does it document API versioning schemes or a formal deprecation policy for these interfaces. Missing for 10: explicit API version numbers/headers, a published deprecation/sunset policy, changelog or migration guides for breaking changes.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS explicitly declares 'Public API: None' and has no OpenAPI/swagger endpoints (all probes 404), meaning there is no versioned API at all, let alone a documented deprecation policy.

   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

1. ai-native userPerform bulk operations across many items at once

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialprobed6/10

   The 1Password CLI (`op item list`, etc.) and SDKs explicitly support programmatic, scriptable management of items ('Automate item management: Programmatically manage items in your 1Password account'), which enables bulk operations via scripting loops or SDK calls. However, there is no dedicated bulk-edit/batch-update command or documentation showing native multi-item bulk operations (e.g., bulk delete, bulk tag) — missing for 10: explicit bulk-operation commands/API endpoints, documented examples of bulk updates across many items, and independent verification of bulk-scale performance.

   • [claimed-docs] “op item list --vault Private”
   • [claimed-docs] “Automate item management: Programmatically manage items in your 1Password account.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is a local-first authenticator/password manager with no public API (explicitly declared 'Public API: None'), and no evidence of bulk operations across items (e.g., batch import/export beyond single-file import, bulk edit/delete of tokens or vault entries) that an AI agent could invoke. There's no scripting, CLI, or API surface for programmatic bulk actions.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [claimed-docs] “We support imports from Aegis, Raivo, LastPassAegis, Stratum (formerly Authenticator Pro) and Google Authenticator.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

1. ai-native userDo everything through the API that I can do in the UI

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialclaimed5/10

   1Password's CLI, SDKs (Go/JS/Python), Connect Server, and Service Accounts let AI/automation programmatically read, create, and manage vault items and secrets ([1password-docs-2],[1password-docs-4],[1password-docs-5],[1password-docs-8],[1password-docs-26]), which covers the core secrets-management workflows. However, many UI-only capabilities — passkey creation/autofill in the browser extension, Watchtower breach/weak-password monitoring, Apple Watch lookups, import/export flows, SSH agent autofill — have no documented API/CLI equivalent, so full UI/API parity is not evidenced. Missing for 10: API-exposed passkey management, Watchtower/security-alerts API, and full item-type/browser-feature parity via CLI or SDK.

   • [claimed-docs] “op item list --vault Private”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Service Accounts help automate secrets management in your applications and infrastructure without the need to deploy additional se…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Automate item management: Programmatically manage items in your 1Password account.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Watchtower tells you about breaches, weak passwords, duplicate items, and other security problems with the items you have saved in 1Password…”
   • [claimed-docs] “you can now create, manage, and sign in with passkeys on a growing number of websites and apps directly from the 1Password browser extension”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password lets you easily sign in to sites, use suggested passwords, and find what you need – all without leaving your browser.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS's own llms.txt explicitly declares 'Public API: None' and probes confirm no OpenAPI/swagger spec exists at any candidate path, meaning there is no API surface at all through which a user could replicate UI actions.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

2. ai-native userExport all of my data in open formats and leave

   weight 3 · round to 2FAS
   1Password~partialclaimed5/10

   1Password documents a built-in export feature explicitly for moving data to another app, and separately documents CSV import compatibility, implying an open-format export path (e.g. CSV) exists — but the evidence never states which formats export actually produces (1Password's native export is typically 1PUX, not just CSV) nor confirms full data coverage (attachments, SSH keys, secure notes) is included. missing for 10: explicit confirmation that exported format is open/interoperable (not proprietary 1PUX), evidence of full-fidelity data portability, and independent/hands-on confirmation of successful migration.

   • [claimed-docs] “You can export your information from the 1Password apps if you want to move it to a different app.”
   • [claimed-docs] “You can import data into 1Password from many different browsers and applications, including applications that export data in the comma-separ…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to transfer your passwords and other information from other applications into 1Password.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialcommunity6/10

   2FAS explicitly supports exporting/backing up data (encrypted export files, self-host freedom, import/export in free tier) and even imports from competitor formats, showing some portability. However, there's no evidence the export format itself is documented as an open/standard schema (e.g., JSON spec or standard otpauth migration format), and the backup is typically encrypted for 2FAS's own re-import rather than a documented open format for third-party tools. missing for 10: explicit open/standard export format spec, independent confirmation the exported file is usable outside 2FAS ecosystem, and details on the exact format encoding.

   • [claimed-docs] “Synchronize your Tokens with 2FAS export files, iCloud or Google Drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Freedom to self-host your data”
   • [claimed-docs] “You decide where to store your Items. You can store it in your own cloud or keep it as an encrypted file on an external drive.”
   • [community] “Free tier of 2FAS Pass includes auto-fill, import/export, and standard password generator; paid tier adds multi-device sync, more than 200 v…”
   • [claimed-docs] “We support imports from Aegis, Raivo, LastPassAegis, Stratum (formerly Authenticator Pro) and Google Authenticator.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

3. ai-native userRead the product's source under an open license

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   1Password is closed-source proprietary software; the evidence pack shows CLI, SDKs, MCP servers and docs, but nothing indicating source code is published under an open license. Missing for 10: any evidence of an open-source license, public source repository, or statement of source availability.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullprobed8/10

   2FAS explicitly points to its GitHub repositories for both the auth app and browser extension, describing itself as open-source, and the probe confirms 'open-source two-factor authentication' positioning with 'Freedom to self-host your data.' missing for 10: explicit license name (e.g., MIT/GPL) is not stated in evidence, and no independent audit confirming license terms.

   • [claimed-docs] “You can easily take a look at our code - reflecting our transparent and user-first approach. Check out our GitHub repository”
   • [claimed-docs] “Join our GitHub project and contribute to 2FAS by running code review and committing your ideas.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Check out our GitHub repository and delve deep into the intricacies of the browser extension back-end.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Freedom to self-host your data”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

4. ai-native userSelf-host the core product

   weight 3 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   1Password is a cloud-hosted SaaS vault; the only 'self-hosted' pieces are Connect Servers/Environments proxies that still require a cloud 1Password account behind them, not the core vault itself. Community comments explicitly confirm the loss of local/offline vault storage and no self-host option ('no native apps, no local vault storage... VC rot has already set in'), and there is no docs evidence of a self-hostable core product.

   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [community] “Use a tiny portion of that to continue support for local, non-cloud-based vault files please.”
   • [community] “Except they have already started to diminish what used to make 1P great. We now get no native apps, no local vault storage, no upfront payme…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialcommunity6/10

   2FAS explicitly markets 'Freedom to self-host your data' and lets users choose their own cloud/WebDAV/external drive storage for vaults, and the core apps are open-source on GitHub for self-hosting/auditing. However, this is self-hosting of data/storage, not the full core service (no self-hostable server/backend, no API for self-managed infrastructure), and community commentary questions how this differs meaningfully from server-reliant competitors. Missing for 10: a self-hostable backend/server component, documentation of running the whole product on own infrastructure, and independent confirmation that self-hosted storage removes all vendor dependency.

   • [claimed-docs] “You decide where to store your Items. You can store it in your own cloud or keep it as an encrypted file on an external drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Freedom to self-host your data”
   • [claimed-docs] “You can easily take a look at our code - reflecting our transparent and user-first approach. Check out our GitHub repository”
   • [community] “Skeptical about 'local-only' claim: 2FAS Pass supports backups to iCloud, WebDAV and local file, meaning passwords rely on a server's securi…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Storage

1. everyday userThe app stores passkeys and signs me into websites and apps with them, not just TOTP codes

   weight 3 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullclaimed8/10

   1Password's own support docs confirm passkey creation, storage, and sign-in on websites/apps directly through 1Password (browser extension and apps), plus Watchtower flagging logins that can upgrade to passkeys, going well beyond just TOTP storage which is also documented separately. Missing for 10: independent hands-on verification of passkey sign-in reliability across many sites and no explicit mobile-app (non-browser) passkey autofill confirmation.

   • [claimed-docs] “you can now create, manage, and sign in with passkeys on a growing number of websites and apps directly from the 1Password browser extension”
   • [claimed-docs] “opening Watchtower in 1Password, which now flags all of your existing logins that could be updated with a passkey”
   • [claimed-docs] “You can use 1Password to save the passkeys you create for your accounts and sign in to websites with passkeys in your browser.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is a TOTP authenticator (2FAS Auth) and separately a password manager (2FAS Pass); evidence covers token/2FA codes, vault items, and password autofill, but nothing describes passkey (WebAuthn/FIDO2) storage or passkey-based sign-in to websites/apps.

   ⚑ flag

Sync

1. power userMy passkeys sync across ecosystems — iOS, Android, Windows, Linux, browsers — instead of being locked to one platform vendor

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialcommunity6/10

   1Password's docs show passkeys can be created, saved, and used from the browser extension across 'a growing number of websites and apps' and Watchtower flags logins for passkey upgrade, implying sync across whatever platform the extension/app runs on rather than vendor lock-in. However the evidence pack never explicitly confirms native passkey support/sync parity on Linux or Android apps (only browser extension and Apple-ecosystem mentions like Apple Watch/Touch ID), and an older community comment specifically raises concerns about a missing Linux client, leaving cross-platform parity unconfirmed by direct docs. Missing for 10: explicit Linux and Android app passkey documentation, independent hands-on confirmation of parity across all five listed platforms.

   • [claimed-docs] “you can now create, manage, and sign in with passkeys on a growing number of websites and apps directly from the 1Password browser extension”
   • [claimed-docs] “opening Watchtower in 1Password, which now flags all of your existing logins that could be updated with a passkey”
   • [claimed-docs] “You can use 1Password to save the passkeys you create for your accounts and sign in to websites with passkeys in your browser.”
   • [community] “Mandatory 'No Linux client' comment :| Does anyone have any insight if this is a pure business decision or there's something holding them ba…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   The evidence pack describes 2FAS Auth's 2FA token sync and 2FAS Pass's password vault sync (iCloud, Google Drive, WebDAV, browser extension) but contains no mention of 'passkey' or WebAuthn/FIDO2 credential support or storage anywhere. Since passkey sync is a distinct capability from OTP tokens or password items, there's no evidence this product delivers it.

   ⚑ flag

Export

1. power userExport all my TOTP secrets in an open, readable format and leave for another app whenever I choose — no lock-in

   weight 3 · round to 2FAS
   1Password~partialclaimed4/10

   1Password documents a general export feature to move data to another app ([1password-docs-15]), and TOTP/OTP storage is documented ([1password-docs-20]), but no evidence specifies that TOTP secrets are included in the export or that the export format is an open, readable standard (e.g., otpauth:// URIs or plain text) rather than 1Password's proprietary 1PUX format. Missing for 10: explicit confirmation that TOTP secrets are exportable, evidence of an open/readable export format, and independent/hands-on corroboration of successful migration of OTP secrets to another app.

   • [claimed-docs] “You can export your information from the 1Password apps if you want to move it to a different app.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialclaimed6/10

   2FAS explicitly supports imports from other apps (Aegis, Raivo, Google Authenticator, etc.) and offers 2FAS export files for backup/sync, with optional password-based encryption of backups. However, evidence doesn't confirm the export format is an open/readable standard (e.g., plaintext otpauth URIs or documented JSON schema) rather than a proprietary encrypted blob, and there's no explicit statement about exporting TO other apps' formats for migration away from 2FAS. missing for 10: documented open/standard export format spec, explicit 'export to other apps' migration path, independent confirmation the export file is human-readable/portable.

   • [claimed-docs] “We support imports from Aegis, Raivo, LastPassAegis, Stratum (formerly Authenticator Pro) and Google Authenticator.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Synchronize your Tokens with 2FAS export files, iCloud or Google Drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Import

1. power userImport tokens in bulk from other authenticator apps instead of re-enrolling every account by hand

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password~partialclaimed4/10

   1Password documents general import from other apps/browsers via CSV and the newer Credential Exchange standard on iOS 26+, and it supports storing one-time passwords, but no evidence explicitly confirms bulk import of authenticator/OTP tokens specifically from other authenticator apps (e.g., Google Authenticator, Authy) rather than just passwords/logins. Missing for 10: explicit documentation of OTP-specific bulk import/migration flow from named authenticator apps, and any hands-on/community confirmation that OTP secrets survive the CSV or Credential Exchange import.

   • [claimed-docs] “You can import data into 1Password from many different browsers and applications, including applications that export data in the comma-separ…”
   • [claimed-docs] “If you use 1Password on iOS or iPadOS 26 or later, you can import data directly from apps that support the Credential Exchange standard.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to transfer your passwords and other information from other applications into 1Password.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialclaimed6/10

   2FAS docs explicitly list bulk import support from Aegis, Raivo, LastPassAegis, Stratum, and Google Authenticator, directly supporting the power-user portability story. However, the list is limited to a handful of named apps, no evidence of a generic/universal import format (e.g., OTP URI batch, QR export from arbitrary apps), and no independent hands-on verification of the import process working smoothly. Missing for 10: broader import coverage beyond five named apps, independent/community confirmation of successful bulk import, and details on edge cases (e.g., failed imports, partial data loss).

   • [claimed-docs] “We support imports from Aegis, Raivo, LastPassAegis, Stratum (formerly Authenticator Pro) and Google Authenticator.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Migration

1. everyday userMoving to a new phone transfers all my tokens in one guided step

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence pack covers CLI/SDK/Connect integrations, browser passkeys, import/export from other apps, and OTP storage, but nothing describes a guided 'move to new phone' flow that automatically transfers all tokens/OTPs in one step. Cloud sync via account sign-in is 1Password's usual mechanism, but no citation confirms this specific onboarding experience or that it covers OTP/token migration seamlessly.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullclaimed7/10

   2FAS Auth supports iCloud/Google Drive sync and encrypted export/backup files, letting a user restore tokens on a new device by simply enabling sync or importing the backup file, and 2FAS Pass has a dedicated recovery flow for restoring the vault on a different device via iCloud/Google Drive backups. missing for 10: a documented single-tap 'migrate to new phone' wizard UI and independent hands-on confirmation of the transfer experience.

   • [claimed-docs] “Synchronize your Tokens with 2FAS export files, iCloud or Google Drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Multi-device sync (encrypted)”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to restore access to your 2FAS Pass Vault or run it on a different device.”
   • [claimed-docs] “If you have enabled sync with iCloud (on iOS) or Google Drive (on Android), your encrypted 2FAS Pass Vault file is right there.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

1. ai-native userChoose where my data is stored (region/residency)

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   No evidence pack item mentions data residency, regional storage options, or the ability to choose where a vault/account's data is physically stored; 1Password's architecture appears to be a single managed cloud service without documented regional selection. Missing for 10: any documentation of region/residency selection, EU/US data center choice, or self-hosted storage location controls.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialcommunity7/10

   2FAS is local-first: users choose to keep data on-device, in their own iCloud/Google Drive, WebDAV, or fully self-hosted, giving strong control over storage location (2fas-docs-5, 2fas-docs-14, 2fas-docs-17). This satisfies the spirit of data residency choice, though it's not a formal 'select region/datacenter' feature and relies on user-configured third-party clouds rather than a first-party regional hosting option. Missing for 10: explicit region/datacenter selection controls, independent verification of self-host setup beyond marketing pages.

   • [claimed-docs] “You decide where to store your Items. You can store it in your own cloud or keep it as an encrypted file on an external drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Freedom to self-host your data”
   • [claimed-docs] “Multi-device sync (encrypted)”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”
   • [community] “Skeptical about 'local-only' claim: 2FAS Pass supports backups to iCloud, WebDAV and local file, meaning passwords rely on a server's securi…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

2. ai-native userPrevent my data from being used to train AI models

   weight 3 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   No evidence in the pack addresses any policy, setting, or documentation about opting out of or preventing data use for AI model training; the pack covers CLI/SDK/Connect/SSH/passkeys but nothing about AI training data usage or opt-outs.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialprobed4/10

   2FAS is local-first with explicit 'no telemetry' claims and no public API for data collection (2fas-probe-rt-1, 2fas-probe-rt-2), which implies user data isn't centrally harvested and thus couldn't feed AI training pipelines. However, there is no explicit statement addressing AI model training or an opt-out policy specifically. Missing for 10: explicit AI-training data policy/opt-out statement, independent confirmation that no data is ever sent to third-party AI services.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): machine-readable pricing verified live at https://2fas.com/.well-known/pricing.md — '# 2FAS Pricing... …”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

3. ai-native userControl data retention and deletion

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   The pack shows data export/import and an MCP design that avoids returning secrets to agents, but there is no evidence of explicit controls for data retention policies or deletion (e.g., audit-log retention settings, vault/item purge, GDPR-style deletion) tailored to AI-native workflows. missing for 10: retention policy controls, explicit deletion/purge mechanisms for AI-consumed data, documentation tying these to AI agent use.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialprobed6/10

   2FAS gives users explicit control over where data is stored (own cloud, external drive, self-hosting) and confirms no telemetry/tracking, which supports retention control (2fas-docs-5, 2fas-docs-14, 2fas-probe-rt-2). However there is no explicit documentation of a deletion/erasure workflow, data-retention policy, or account-deletion mechanism beyond implied local file control. Missing for 10: explicit data deletion/right-to-erasure documentation, retention period policy, and independent confirmation that deleting local/cloud copies fully removes data.

   • [claimed-docs] “You decide where to store your Items. You can store it in your own cloud or keep it as an encrypted file on an external drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Freedom to self-host your data”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): machine-readable pricing verified live at https://2fas.com/.well-known/pricing.md — '# 2FAS Pricing... …”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

4. ai-native userOpt out of telemetry and usage tracking

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   No evidence pack item addresses telemetry/usage-tracking opt-out settings or privacy controls for AI-native usage; all evidence covers unrelated features like CLI, SSH, SDKs, and password management. This is a fair axis for any product handling sensitive data, but no documentation or community evidence confirms or denies a telemetry opt-out option.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullprobed8/10

   2FAS explicitly states in its machine-readable pricing/docs that 2FAS Auth has 'no advertising, no telemetry,' meaning tracking is absent by design rather than requiring opt-out, and the product is positioned as local-first/open-source, reinforcing a privacy-first posture. Missing for 10: no explicit dedicated privacy-settings toggle documentation, and no independent audit confirming zero telemetry across 2FAS Pass as well as Auth.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): machine-readable pricing verified live at https://2fas.com/.well-known/pricing.md — '# 2FAS Pricing... …”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

App lock

1. everyday userThe app itself locks behind biometrics or a PIN, so a borrowed phone doesn't expose my codes

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence pack only covers CLI/SDK sign-in via system authentication (Touch ID/Windows Hello) for developer tooling, not the everyday consumer app's biometric/PIN lock screen protecting saved logins or OTP codes on a borrowed phone. No documentation or community evidence in the pack describes the mobile/desktop app requiring biometrics or PIN to unlock and view items like one-time passwords.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   The evidence pack describes 2FAS Pass's tiered security and sync options, and confirms access to the browser extension/autofill must be approved in-app, but nowhere states that the 2FAS Auth or Pass app itself can be locked behind biometrics or a PIN to block access if the phone is borrowed. No docs or community evidence mention an app-lock/biometric-gate feature for the authenticator itself.

   • [claimed-docs] “2FAS Pass supports 3 Security Tiers for protecting your Items.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Access through the Browser Extension or using Autofill must be confirmed in 2FAS Pass.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Audits

1. security engineerThe vendor publishes independent security audits of the app and its sync protocol

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   No evidence in the pack references independent third-party security audits, pen-test reports, or cryptographic protocol reviews of 1Password's app or sync protocol (e.g., no mention of the publicly known white paper audits by NCC Group/etc.). All citations cover CLI, SDKs, SSH, passkeys, and general product docs, none addressing audit publication.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   Evidence shows only open-source code availability claims and general transparency messaging, with no mention of independent third-party security audits of the app or its sync protocol; community discussion even questions the trust model of cloud-based sync without referencing any audit report.

   • [claimed-docs] “You can easily take a look at our code - reflecting our transparent and user-first approach. Check out our GitHub repository”
   • [claimed-docs] “Join our GitHub project and contribute to 2FAS by running code review and committing your ideas.”
   • [community] “Skeptical about 'local-only' claim: 2FAS Pass supports backups to iCloud, WebDAV and local file, meaning passwords rely on a server's securi…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Monitoring

1. power userThe app warns me when a service I use is breached or a stored credential is weak, reused, or exposed

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullclaimed8/10

   Watchtower explicitly flags breaches, weak passwords, duplicate/reused items, and other security problems across saved items, directly matching the story's requirements, and it's surfaced natively in the app/browser extension (also flagging passkey-upgrade opportunities). Missing for 10: independent hands-on verification of Watchtower's breach-detection accuracy/coverage beyond vendor docs.

   • [claimed-docs] “Watchtower tells you about breaches, weak passwords, duplicate items, and other security problems with the items you have saved in 1Password…”
   • [claimed-docs] “opening Watchtower in 1Password, which now flags all of your existing logins that could be updated with a passkey”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   No evidence of breach monitoring, weak/reused/exposed password detection, or security-posture alerts anywhere in the docs, community reports, or probes; 2FAS's evidence covers sync, tiers, self-hosting, and import/export but nothing about credential health warnings or breach alerts.

   ⚑ flag

Push

1. it adminPush-based sign-in includes phishing defenses — number matching, location context, and admin-enforced MFA policies

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   The axis applies to this product kind (peer products hold positive or none verdicts on this story), so lack of evidence for an applicable capability is "none", never "na". (na/none harmonized at arena bring-up — see pipeline/scripts/na-harmonize.ts.)

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   The axis applies to this product kind (peer products hold positive or none verdicts on this story), so lack of evidence for an applicable capability is "none", never "na". (na/none harmonized at arena bring-up — see pipeline/scripts/na-harmonize.ts.)

   ⚑ flag

Server

1. it adminSelf-host the sync server on my own infrastructure and keep every secret inside my perimeter

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password!disputedcontradicted4/10

   1Password markets a 'Connect Server' that can be deployed in a company's own infrastructure to access items via REST API (docs-4), which sounds like partial self-hosting, but this is only a caching/access layer in front of 1Password's cloud vaults, not a full self-hosted sync server. Community evidence directly contradicts the idea that secrets can stay entirely within an admin's perimeter: users note 1Password has 'no local vault storage' anymore and ask the vendor to 'continue support for local, non-cloud-based vault files' (comm-7, comm-8), confirming that the cloud remains the source of truth. Missing for 10: any documented on-prem deployment of the full sync/vault backend, migration guide for self-hosted secret storage, or evidence that Connect Server operates without 1Password's cloud.

   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [community] “Use a tiny portion of that to continue support for local, non-cloud-based vault files please.”
   • [community] “Except they have already started to diminish what used to make 1P great. We now get no native apps, no local vault storage, no upfront payme…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialcommunity4/10

   2FAS advertises 'freedom to self-host your data' and lets users choose where encrypted vault/token data lives (own cloud, WebDAV, external drive) rather than relying on 2FAS-hosted storage, which partially satisfies the perimeter-control need. However there is no evidence of an actual downloadable/self-hostable 'sync server' component (e.g. a Vaultwarden-style server binary) — it's more bring-your-own-storage for encrypted files/backups, and community commentary explicitly questions whether this differs meaningfully from relying on third-party server infrastructure. Missing for 10: a dedicated self-hosted sync-server artifact/deployment docs, and independent confirmation that all sync traffic stays fully within admin-controlled infra.

   • [claimed-docs] “You decide where to store your Items. You can store it in your own cloud or keep it as an encrypted file on an external drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Freedom to self-host your data”
   • [community] “Skeptical about 'local-only' claim: 2FAS Pass supports backups to iCloud, WebDAV and local file, meaning passwords rely on a server's securi…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Source

1. security engineerThe client apps are open source, so the code handling my seeds can be inspected and community-reviewed

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   No evidence in the pack indicates 1Password's client apps are open source or available for community code review; all citations describe closed commercial SDKs, CLI, Connect servers, and browser extension features without any open-source licensing or public repository claims for the core vault/client apps themselves. missing for 10: any statement of open-source licensing for 1Password clients, a public source repository for the desktop/mobile/browser apps, or third-party audit citing open code review.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullprobed8/10

   2FAS explicitly markets itself as open-source and points to a public GitHub repo for code review, including for the browser extension backend ('delve deep into the intricacies'), and invites community contribution/code review. The core apps (2FAS Auth, described as 'Free, Open-source 2FA Authenticator App') are confirmed open-source via probe data. Missing for 10: no independent security audit report or third-party code-review corroboration is cited, and evidence doesn't explicitly confirm the mobile app repos (vs. just extension) are inspectable.

   • [claimed-docs] “You can easily take a look at our code - reflecting our transparent and user-first approach. Check out our GitHub repository”
   • [claimed-docs] “Join our GitHub project and contribute to 2FAS by running code review and committing your ideas.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Check out our GitHub repository and delve deep into the intricacies of the browser extension back-end.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Automation

1. ai-native userAn agent can fetch a current TOTP code programmatically — via CLI or API — to complete a 2FA login inside an automated workflow

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialprobed4/10

   1Password docs confirm OTP storage/lookup in the app (docs-20, docs-24, docs-19) and a general-purpose CLI/SDK for programmatic item access (docs-1, docs-2, docs-26, probe-rt-3), which together imply an agent could retrieve a TOTP field via CLI, but no evidence explicitly documents a TOTP-specific command or API response format for pulling a live 2FA code in an automated workflow. missing for 10: explicit CLI/API documentation of TOTP field retrieval (e.g., a `--otp` flag or field type), and any example/community confirmation of an agent completing 2FA end-to-end.

   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords, bank account details, pa…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password CLI brings 1Password to your terminal. Learn how to install the CLI, then integrate it with your 1Password app and sign in with To…”
   • [claimed-docs] “op item list --vault Private”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   The evidence explicitly states 2FAS has no public API for programmatic TOTP retrieval ('Public API: None — local-first by design, no agent-callable endpoint for token generation'), and no CLI is documented anywhere in the pack; OpenAPI probes all 404. This directly rules out agent-driven fetching of TOTP codes via CLI or API.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

2. ai-native userExpose the vault through a local programmatic endpoint an agent can query for codes and secrets without screen-scraping the app

   weight 1 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullprobed8/10

   The 1Password CLI (`op`) and SDKs/Connect Server provide a local, scriptable, programmatic interface (not screen-scraping) that returns items, secrets, and OTP codes directly, and this is corroborated by real-world packaging (Homebrew cask) confirming it's a genuine local endpoint agents can shell out to. Missing for 10: no direct hands-on evidence of an AI agent actually querying the CLI/Connect Server for codes, and the newer MCP server explicitly withholds raw secrets from the agent, so full 'codes and secrets' access is only fully realized via CLI/SDK, not MCP.

   • [claimed-docs] “1Password CLI brings 1Password to your terminal. Learn how to install the CLI, then integrate it with your 1Password app and sign in with To…”
   • [claimed-docs] “op item list --vault Private”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use the 1Password Credential Broker to give CI/CD and other machine workflows short-lived access to secrets, without managing service accoun…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [probe] “official CLI documented at https://www.1password.dev/cli/get-started”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 1Password's public docs MCP server at https://www.1password.dev/mcp completed a FULL keyless initialize…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   The product's own llms.txt explicitly states 'Public API: None' and no OpenAPI/local endpoint was found; 2FAS is local-first by design with no agent-callable interface for querying codes or secrets programmatically.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Browser

1. everyday userA browser extension autofills my TOTP codes and passkeys during login instead of making me retype them

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullcommunity8/10

   Docs confirm browser extension autofills passkeys during sign-in and stores/retrieves one-time passwords (TOTP), covering both parts of the story, with community corroboration of browser extension quality and iframe-aware autofill behavior. Missing for 10: explicit first-party statement or hands-on demo showing TOTP codes specifically autofilled (rather than just 'stored/accessed') and independent confirmation of passkey autofill working reliably across sites.

   • [claimed-docs] “you can now create, manage, and sign in with passkeys on a growing number of websites and apps directly from the 1Password browser extension”
   • [claimed-docs] “You can use 1Password to save the passkeys you create for your accounts and sign in to websites with passkeys in your browser.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password lets you easily sign in to sites, use suggested passwords, and find what you need – all without leaving your browser.”
   • [community] “1Password fills iframes based on their domain rather than the parents... In my opinion this is the right security model.”
   • [community] “Both the Fastmail and Privacy integrations have made 1Password a joy to use in the past few years. I've used premium BitWarden in the past, …”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullcommunity7/10

   2FAS's browser extension is documented to autofill TOTP tokens with confirmation via the mobile app ('You don't have to retype anything'), and the 2FAS Pass extension supports autofill for passwords/passkeys confirmed in the vault app, with the free tier confirmed by community reports to include auto-fill. However, evidence is vendor-documented with only partial independent corroboration and no explicit hands-on confirmation of passkey autofill specifically working smoothly in-browser. Missing for 10: independent hands-on validation of passkey autofill UX, more detail on cross-browser support, and confirmation of friction-free flow beyond vendor claims.

   • [claimed-docs] “Click the browser extension icon when you need to enter a 2FA token, then confirm in the mobile app. You don't have to retype anything.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Access through the Browser Extension or using Autofill must be confirmed in 2FAS Pass.”
   • [community] “Free tier of 2FAS Pass includes auto-fill, import/export, and standard password generator; paid tier adds multi-device sync, more than 200 v…”
   • [claimed-docs] “You can easily take a look at our code - reflecting our transparent and user-first approach. Check out our GitHub repository”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Desktop

1. power userA first-class desktop app gives me codes and vault access on my computer, not just on mobile

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password~partialcommunity5/10

   Evidence confirms a desktop 1Password app exists (CLI integrates with 'the 1Password app' via Touch ID/Windows Hello, and community references to the Electron-based desktop client) and that vault/OTP data is stored centrally and accessible from apps generally, but no evidence pack item explicitly documents desktop-specific vault UI or OTP display screens, and community notes flag desktop app quality concerns (Electron complaints, no native app comments). missing for 10: dedicated desktop-app feature docs (OTP display, vault browsing UI on Mac/Windows/Linux), first-party screenshots or hands-on confirmation of parity with mobile, and resolution of the Electron/native-app criticism.

   • [claimed-docs] “1Password CLI brings 1Password to your terminal. Learn how to install the CLI, then integrate it with your 1Password app and sign in with To…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [community] “Except they have already started to diminish what used to make 1P great. We now get no native apps, no local vault storage, no upfront payme…”
   • [community] “It would be nice to say goodbye to Electron, though... (referring to 1Password's desktop app).”
   • [community] “Mandatory 'No Linux client' comment :| Does anyone have any insight if this is a pure business decision or there's something holding them ba…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   Evidence only shows mobile apps (iOS/Android) plus a browser extension, and the extension explicitly requires confirmation via the mobile app (2fas-docs-3, 2fas-docs-19) rather than functioning as an independent desktop client. No native desktop app for code generation or vault access is documented anywhere in the pack.

   • [claimed-docs] “Click the browser extension icon when you need to enter a 2FA token, then confirm in the mobile app. You don't have to retype anything.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Access through the Browser Extension or using Autofill must be confirmed in 2FAS Pass.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Watch

1. everyday userRead my codes from my smartwatch without pulling out my phone

   weight 1 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullclaimed8/10

   1Password explicitly documents Apple Watch support for quickly looking up saved information including one-time passwords, letting users read codes without pulling out their phone. This directly matches the story, though evidence is limited to Apple Watch (no mention of other smartwatch platforms like Wear OS) and lacks independent hands-on corroboration. Missing for 10: evidence of Android/Wear OS smartwatch support, independent user reviews confirming the watch OTP experience.

   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords, bank account details, pa…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialclaimed5/10

   2FAS explicitly markets 'Apple Watch — Improved convenience and accessibility' as a feature, indicating watch support exists, but there's no detail on what functionality is available on the watch (e.g., whether codes are viewable standalone or require phone proximity) and no independent/hands-on confirmation of the experience. missing for 10: details on watch app functionality/UX, confirmation codes can be read without unlocking phone, independent hands-on review of the watch experience.

   • [claimed-docs] “Apple Watch Improved convenience and accessibility.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Apple WatchImproved convenience and accessibility.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Backup

1. security engineerBackups are end-to-end encrypted with a key the vendor never holds, and the encryption design is documented

   weight 3 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence pack contains no documentation of 1Password's end-to-end encryption architecture, Secret Key design, or zero-knowledge claims for vaults/backups — it only covers CLI/SDK/Connect/SSH tooling and unrelated community commentary on UX and pricing. Without any citation describing the encryption design or vendor-key-never-held guarantee, this axis is unevidenced.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialcommunity4/10

   2FAS documents that backups/sync can be encrypted with a user password (docs-9, docs-17, docs-18) and that vault storage location is user-controlled, but the encryption is presented as optional ('we encourage you to do that') rather than guaranteed end-to-end by default, and there is no detailed technical whitepaper describing key derivation, zero-knowledge architecture, or threat model. Community discussion (2fas-comm-1) explicitly questions whether backups to iCloud/WebDAV truly avoid vendor/server trust, further undercutting a strong E2E claim. missing for 10: a dedicated cryptographic design document (algorithms, key derivation, zero-knowledge proof), confirmation that encryption is mandatory/default rather than opt-in, and independent security audit corroboration.

   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Multi-device sync (encrypted)”
   • [claimed-docs] “If you have enabled sync with iCloud (on iOS) or Google Drive (on Android), your encrypted 2FAS Pass Vault file is right there.”
   • [claimed-docs] “You decide where to store your Items. You can store it in your own cloud or keep it as an encrypted file on an external drive.”
   • [community] “Skeptical about 'local-only' claim: 2FAS Pass supports backups to iCloud, WebDAV and local file, meaning passwords rely on a server's securi…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Multi device

1. everyday userMy tokens are available on my phone, tablet, and computer at the same time, kept in sync automatically

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullcommunity6/10

   Docs show 1Password stores and retrieves one-time-passwords (tokens) across the browser, Apple Watch, and other apps (docs-20, docs-19/24, docs-21), implying that the same vault (and thus tokens) is accessible from phone, tablet, and desktop, and a community comment confirms 'desktop and mobile work great' (comm-9), suggesting real-world cross-device consistency. However none of the evidence explicitly describes the automatic sync mechanism or confirms real-time consistency across all three device types simultaneously. Missing for 10: explicit documentation of the cloud-sync architecture ensuring instant multi-device consistency, and independent testing/benchmarks of sync latency or conflict handling.

   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords, bank account details, pa…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password lets you easily sign in to sites, use suggested passwords, and find what you need – all without leaving your browser.”
   • [community] “I've used 1password for years and so far haven't had any problem, all apps (desktop and mobile) work great, but I don't understand why they …”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialcommunity6/10

   2FAS documents syncing tokens across devices via iCloud/Google Drive and lists 'Multi-device sync (encrypted)' as a feature, and computer access is possible through a browser extension that confirms via the mobile app. However, this cross-device access relies on manual confirmation from the phone rather than tokens being independently and automatically available on a tablet/computer at all times, and multi-device sync appears gated behind a paid tier for the Pass product. Missing for 10: evidence of true simultaneous, always-available token access across phone/tablet/computer without per-use phone confirmation, and confirmation that Auth (not just Pass) multi-device sync is free and automatic.

   • [claimed-docs] “Synchronize your Tokens with 2FAS export files, iCloud or Google Drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Click the browser extension icon when you need to enter a 2FA token, then confirm in the mobile app. You don't have to retype anything.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Multi-device sync (encrypted)”
   • [community] “Free tier of 2FAS Pass includes auto-fill, import/export, and standard password generator; paid tier adds multi-device sync, more than 200 v…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Recovery

1. everyday userLosing my phone doesn't lose my accounts — a documented recovery path restores my tokens on a new device

   weight 3 · round to 2FAS
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence pack covers 1Password's password/OTP storage, sync, import/export between apps, SSH/passkey features, and developer tooling, but contains no documentation of a lost-device recovery path (e.g., Emergency Kit, Secret Key re-enrollment, account recovery flow) that would restore an everyday user's tokens on a new device after losing their phone. Missing for 10: documented device-loss/account-recovery procedure, evidence of Secret Key or Emergency Kit restoration flow, any confirmation that OTPs specifically survive a lost-device scenario.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullcommunity8/10

   2FAS documents multi-device sync via iCloud/Google Drive/encrypted export files for the Auth app, plus a dedicated recovery page explaining how to restore or run the Pass Vault on a new device using the cloud-synced encrypted vault file, and supports importing from other authenticator apps for migration scenarios. This directly addresses losing a phone and restoring tokens elsewhere, though community commentary raises trust questions about relying on third-party cloud storage rather than disputing that recovery works. Missing for 10: independent hands-on verification of the actual recovery flow succeeding, and clearer detail on recovery when no cloud sync was enabled beforehand.

   • [claimed-docs] “Synchronize your Tokens with 2FAS export files, iCloud or Google Drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to restore access to your 2FAS Pass Vault or run it on a different device.”
   • [claimed-docs] “If you have enabled sync with iCloud (on iOS) or Google Drive (on Android), your encrypted 2FAS Pass Vault file is right there.”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”
   • [claimed-docs] “We support imports from Aegis, Raivo, LastPassAegis, Stratum (formerly Authenticator Pro) and Google Authenticator.”
   • [community] “Skeptical about 'local-only' claim: 2FAS Pass supports backups to iCloud, WebDAV and local file, meaning passwords rely on a server's securi…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Automation

1. ai-native userAn agent can create and update vault entries — seeding new TOTP secrets, storing credentials — through documented programmatic surfaces

   weight 2 · round to 1Password
   1Password✓fullprobed7/10

   1Password documents multiple programmatic surfaces (CLI, SDKs in Go/JS/Python, Connect Servers REST API, Service Accounts) explicitly for 'Automate item management: Programmatically manage items in your 1Password account,' which covers creating and updating vault entries including credentials. These are official, well-documented interfaces suitable for agent-driven automation. Missing for 10: an explicit documented example/field reference for seeding TOTP secrets via these APIs, and independent/hands-on verification that write operations (create/update, not just read) work reliably in practice.

   • [claimed-docs] “Automate item management: Programmatically manage items in your 1Password account.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password SDKs allow you to build integrations that programmatically interact with 1Password using Go, JavaScript, or Python.”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Connect Servers allow you to securely access your 1Password items and vaults in your company's apps and cloud infrastructure using…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password Service Accounts help automate secrets management in your applications and infrastructure without the need to deploy additional se…”
   • [claimed-docs] “1Password CLI brings 1Password to your terminal. Learn how to install the CLI, then integrate it with your 1Password app and sign in with To…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): the official op CLI is packaged in Homebrew as the 1password-cli cask ('Command-line interface for 1Pas…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   No programmatic API exists for creating/updating vault entries or seeding TOTP secrets; the product's own llms.txt explicitly states 'Public API: None' and openapi probes all 404, confirming no agent-callable surface for this workflow.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE openapi: all candidate paths 404 (https://2fas.com/openapi.json, https://2fas.com/swagger.json, https://2fas.com/api/openapi.json, htt…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Policy

1. it adminEnforce org-wide policies — require app lock, restrict export, mandate strong master credentials — across every member's app

   weight 1 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence pack covers CLI/SDK developer tooling, personal password features, import/export, and community sentiment, but contains no documentation of admin console policies for enforcing app lock, restricting export, or mandating master password strength across an organization. This axis clearly applies to a business password manager, but no supporting evidence is present.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is a consumer-focused authenticator/password manager with no evidence of centralized org policy management, admin dashboards, enforced app-lock policies, export restrictions, or credential strength mandates across users; it is explicitly local-first with no public API for such control (2fas-probe-rt-1). No IT-admin console or MDM/policy feature is documented anywhere in the pack.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Freedom to self-host your data”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Sharing

1. it adminMy team can share TOTP-protected logins through shared vaults or collections with per-member access control

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence pack covers 1Password's developer tooling (CLI, SDKs, Connect, SSH agent) and personal features (Watchtower, OTP storage, passkeys) but contains no mention of shared vaults, collections, group/per-member permissions, or admin controls for team sharing of TOTP items. Missing for 10: documentation of shared vaults/collections, per-member access control settings, or admin console screenshots showing granular sharing permissions for TOTP logins.

   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Watchtower tells you about breaches, weak passwords, duplicate items, and other security problems with the items you have saved in 1Password…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   2FAS is positioned as a personal, local-first authenticator/password manager with individual sync (iCloud/Google Drive/self-host) and multi-device sync for a single user, not team/organization features. No evidence of shared vaults, collections, or per-member access control for an IT-admin-managed team; the HN community discussion even questions its single-user 'local-only' security model, but nothing addresses team sharing at all.

   • [claimed-docs] “Synchronize your Tokens with 2FAS export files, iCloud or Google Drive.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Multi-device sync (encrypted)”
   • [community] “Skeptical about 'local-only' claim: 2FAS Pass supports backups to iCloud, WebDAV and local file, meaning passwords rely on a server's securi…”
   • [community] “Free tier of 2FAS Pass includes auto-fill, import/export, and standard password generator; paid tier adds multi-device sync, more than 200 v…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Enrollment

1. everyday userScan a QR code and immediately start generating TOTP codes for a new account

   weight 3 · round to 2FAS
   1Password~partialclaimed4/10

   Docs confirm 1Password stores and generates one-time passwords for two-step verification (docs-20, docs-19/24), which implies TOTP support, but no evidence explicitly describes the QR-code scanning flow for adding a new TOTP account. Missing for 10: explicit documentation or screenshots of QR code scanning to add a new TOTP entry, and independent/hands-on confirmation of the immediate code-generation experience.

   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords, bank account details, pa…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialprobed5/10

   2FAS Auth is a well-known TOTP app and docs reference connecting accounts via video tutorials, but the evidence pack lacks any direct documentation or hands-on confirmation of the core QR-scan-to-code-generation flow. missing for 10: explicit documentation/screenshots of QR scanning UX, confirmation that codes generate immediately post-scan, independent/hands-on corroboration of the onboarding flow.

   • [claimed-docs] “use our quick and easy-to-follow video tutorials to connect your online accounts.”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Offline

1. power userCodes generate fully offline — no network, no vendor account required just to see my TOTP codes

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password!disputedcontradicted3/10

   1Password does store and display OTP codes (docs-20, docs-24), but the product fundamentally requires a 1Password account/subscription and cloud-synced vault to unlock and view items — community evidence explicitly states 1Password has moved away from local, non-cloud vault storage ('no native apps, no local vault storage... The VC rot has already set in'), directly contradicting the 'no vendor account required' claim. Missing for 10: any first-party or independent confirmation of a fully offline mode with no account signup/sync dependency, and no evidence disputes this gap.

   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords”
   • [community] “My 1Password installation is grandfathered from a time when it was just a standalone app, without subscription. Will it just stop working on…”
   • [community] “Use a tiny portion of that to continue support for local, non-cloud-based vault files please.”
   • [community] “Except they have already started to diminish what used to make 1P great. We now get no native apps, no local vault storage, no upfront payme…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS✓fullprobed8/10

   2FAS Auth is described as open-source, local-first with no public API for token generation, and pricing docs confirm it's free with no telemetry, consistent with fully offline TOTP generation without vendor account requirement. Community evidence questions cloud-sync/backup security but this concerns 2FAS Pass (password manager), not the core Auth TOTP generation flow. missing for 10: independent hands-on confirmation that TOTP codes generate with device fully offline (airplane mode test), and explicit documentation stating no account/signup is ever required.

   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): 2fas.com serves the most agent-forward docs plumbing in the arena — llms.txt with a literal 'For AI age…”
   • [probe] “PROBE runtime (recorded 2026-09-15): machine-readable pricing verified live at https://2fas.com/.well-known/pricing.md — '# 2FAS Pricing... …”
   • [claimed-docs] “data can be encrypted with your password, so we encourage you to do that.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Organization

1. power userKeep dozens of tokens organized — search, folders or groups, and service icons — so the right code is always two taps away

   weight 2 · round to 2FAS
   1Password~partialclaimed3/10

   Docs confirm 1Password stores and quickly surfaces one-time passwords (including via Apple Watch) and flags login issues via Watchtower, but the pack provides no evidence of folder/tag/group organization, dedicated search, or service icons for TOTP entries specifically. missing for 10: explicit search functionality, folder/tag/group organization for TOTP items, service icon display for OTP entries, independent hands-on validation of organizing many tokens.

   • [claimed-docs] “Learn how to use 1Password to store and quickly access your one-time passwords when you turn on two-step verification for a website.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords, bank account details, pa…”
   • [claimed-docs] “Use 1Password on your Apple Watch to quickly look up information: credit card numbers and PINs, one-time passwords”
   • [claimed-docs] “Watchtower tells you about breaches, weak passwords, duplicate items, and other security problems with the items you have saved in 1Password…”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

   2FAS~partialclaimed6/10

   Docs confirm token customization with 'full control over groups, badges, icons, and labels' and Apple Watch access, directly supporting organization by groups/icons for quick access, but there is no mention of search functionality within the token list, no detail on folder/group UX depth, and no independent hands-on account of managing 'dozens of tokens' at scale. missing for 10: explicit search feature evidence, hands-on/independent validation of organization UX at scale, deeper detail on folder vs group implementation.

   • [claimed-docs] “Token customization Full control over the groups, badges, icons, and labels.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Token customizationFull control over the groups, badges, icons, and labels.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Apple Watch Improved convenience and accessibility.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Apple WatchImproved convenience and accessibility.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag

Variants

1. power userNon-standard tokens work too — Steam Guard, HOTP counters, custom periods and digit lengths

   weight 2 · round drawn
   1Password—none0/10

   The evidence only confirms basic one-time password storage (docs-20, docs-19) but contains no mention of Steam Guard tokens, HOTP counter-based codes, or custom period/digit-length TOTP support. Missing for 10: any documentation of Steam Guard support, HOTP counter handling, or custom period/digit configuration.

   ⚑ flag

   2FAS—none0/10

   No evidence in the pack addresses Steam Guard tokens, HOTP counter-based codes, or custom period/digit-length configuration for 2FAS Auth — the docs only mention generic 'token customization' for groups/badges/icons/labels, which is unrelated to non-standard token algorithms.

   • [claimed-docs] “Token customization Full control over the groups, badges, icons, and labels.”
   • [claimed-docs] “Token customizationFull control over the groups, badges, icons, and labels.”

   proof ↗⚑ flag