Agent Sandboxes & Code Execution arenaAgent Sandboxes & Code Execution
Isolated cloud execution environments where AI agents safely run untrusted code — judged on provisioning speed, isolation and network policy, snapshot/restore, concurrency at agent scale, and per-second economics.
51 user stories · 408 judged cells · updated 2026-09-16 · Evidence as of 2026-09-16
Leaderboard — every product ranked by evidenceLeaderboard
Rank by
| 1 |  E2Bfree-tier vs Daytona ↗ | 57/100 | 30/100 | 11/100 | 39/100 | 16/100 | ★ 13.8k▲ 3.9k/yrnpm 1.3M/wkpypi 1.4M/wk | 5/36 verified | 0/100 integrity | ||
| 2 |  Daytonafree-tier vs E2B ↗ | 57/100 | 18/100 | 42/100 | 22/100 | 6/100 | ★ 71.7k▲ 27.5k/yrnpm 435.2k/wkpypi 2.4M/wk | 15/32 verified · 2 disputed | 0/100 integrity | ||
| 3 |  Runloopfree-tier vs E2B ↗ | 52/100 | 39/100 | 11/100 | 14/100 | 21/100 | npm 15.1k/wk | 8/33 verified | 22/100 integrity | ||
| 4 |  Maritimefree-tier vs E2B ↗ | 58/100 | 26/100 | 0/100 | 7/100 | 40/100 | npm 19/wk | 9/23 verified | 36/100 integrity | ||
| 5 |  Vercel Sandboxfree-tier vs E2B ↗ | 41/100 | 15/100 | 37/100 | 14/100 | 0/100 | npm 3.2M/wk | 5/27 verified | 7/100 integrity | ||
| 6 |  Blaxelfree-tier vs E2B ↗ | 39/100 | 33/100 | 10/100 | 6/100 | 9/100 | npm 115.1k/wkpypi 30.3k/wk | 9/27 verified | 20/100 integrity | ||
| 7 |  Cloudflare Sandboxessubscription-flat vs E2B ↗ | 26/100 | 18/100 | 17/100 | 21/100 | 20/100 | ★ 1.1k▲ 919/yrnpm 517.9k/wk | 15/26 verified · 3 disputed | 0/100 integrity | ||
| 8 |  Modal Sandboxesfree-tier vs E2B ↗ | 42/100 | 18/100 | 10/100 | 7/100 | 9/100 | ★ 514▲ 132/yr | 23/27 verified | 87/100 integrity |
Best by user type — persona-weighted winnersBest by user type
Per persona, the product with the highest persona-weighted coverage over just that persona's stories — not the same ranking as the overall PA Score leaderboard above.
Story matrix — every product × every judged storyStory matrix
51/51 stories shown · legend
Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productAgenticness
Agent access
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productPoint an agent at llms.txt or agent-oriented docs | ai-native | fullT 9/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 8/10 | partialT 6/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 9/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productRun the product headlessly / in CI for automation | ai-native | fullC 8/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullT 8/10 | partialX 6/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialT 6/10 | fullT 8/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productPlug MCP servers into this product so it can use their tools | ai-native | n/a | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialT 5/10 | none 0/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productConnect an agent via an official MCP server | ai-native | none 0/10 | fullT 8/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | fullT 7/10 | fullT 7/10 | none 0/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productUse an official CLI | ai-native | fullT 8/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullT 8/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 7/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullT 7/10 | fullT 9/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productDrive the product through a documented public API | ai-native | fullT 8/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 8/10 | partialT 5/10 | fullT 8/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productIssue scoped/least-privilege API credentials for an agent | ai-native | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 6/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 8/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productBuild against official SDKs | ai-native | fullT 8/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullX 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 7/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 3/10 | fullT 8/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productSubscribe to events via webhooks | ai-native | fullC 6/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 7/10 |
Agentic features
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productGet AI-generated insights and suggestions from my data inside the product | ai-native | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | none 0/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productSet up automations that run autonomously in the background | ai-native | partialC 5/10 | none 0/10 | partialX 6/10 | partialX 6/10 | partialC 5/10 | partialC 7/10 | partialC 5/10 | fullC 8/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productDelegate tasks to a built-in AI assistant inside the product | ai-native | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | none 0/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productOperate the product with natural-language commands | ai-native | partialC 5/10 | partialT 6/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialT 6/10 | partialT 6/10 | partialC 6/10 |
Api quality
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productExplore an interactive API reference with runnable examples | ai-native | none 0/10 | partialT 3/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productDownload a machine-readable API spec (OpenAPI or equivalent) | ai-native | none 0/10 | fullT 9/10 | none 0/10 | partialT 4/10 | fullT 9/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productTest against a sandbox environment without touching production data | ai-native | fullC 8/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullT 7/10 | fullX 7/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 7/10 | none 0/10 |
| Agenticness — how well agents can access and operate the productRely on versioned APIs with a documented deprecation policy | ai-native | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Automation depth — how much of the product can run unattendedAutomation depth
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Automation depth — how much of the product can run unattendedPerform bulk operations across many items at once | ai-native | partialC 5/10 | partialC 4/10 | partialX 6/10 | partialX 5/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 4/10 |
| Automation depth — how much of the product can run unattendedDefine rules that trigger actions automatically on events | ai-native | partialC 3/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 6/10 |
| Automation depth — how much of the product can run unattendedSchedule recurring jobs or workflows | ai-native | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 8/10 |
| Automation depth — how much of the product can run unattendedVersion, review, and roll back my automations | ai-native | n/a | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Capabilities hardware — stories about capabilities hardware in this arenaCapabilities hardware
Agent workloads
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capabilities hardware — stories about capabilities hardware in this arenaRun coding agents like Claude Code or Codex inside the sandbox following the vendor's own recipe | ai-native | fullC 8/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 5/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 8/10 |
Workloads
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capabilities hardware — stories about capabilities hardware in this arenaRun a headless browser or full desktop environment inside the sandbox | developer | partialC 6/10 | fullC 8/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 7/10 |
| Capabilities hardware — stories about capabilities hardware in this arenaAttach GPUs to sandboxed workloads | developer | none 0/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullX 8/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Code execution — stories about code execution in this arenaCode execution
Files
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Code execution — stories about code execution in this arenaRead, write, upload, and download files in the sandbox filesystem via the SDK | developer | fullC 8/10 | partialC 5/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullC 9/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Runtimes
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Code execution — stories about code execution in this arenaDefine custom sandbox templates or bring my own container image | developer | fullC 9/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullX 8/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 9/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 6/10 |
| Code execution — stories about code execution in this arenaExecute code in multiple language runtimes (Python, JavaScript, and more) and get rich results back | developer | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 6/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 7/10 | partialC 5/10 | partialC 3/10 | none 0/10 |
Untrusted code
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Code execution — stories about code execution in this arenaExecute untrusted, AI-generated code without risking my own infrastructure | developer | fullC 9/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 8/10 | partialX 7/10 | fullC 9/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullC 7/10 | partialT 5/10 |
| Code execution — stories about code execution in this arenaRun arbitrary shell commands and install packages inside the sandbox | developer | fullC 9/10 | fullC 9/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullC 9/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 7/10 | partialC 5/10 | none 0/10 |
Dev experience — day-to-day developer experience — setup friction, docs, debugging, iteration speedDev experience
Agent lifecycle
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dev experience — day-to-day developer experience — setup friction, docs, debugging, iteration speedMy agent can provision its own sandbox, execute code, read the results, and tear it down — end to end without a human | ai-native | fullC 9/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 8/10 | partialX 7/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 6/10 |
Isolation security — stories about isolation security in this arenaIsolation security
Isolation
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isolation security — stories about isolation security in this arenaRely on a documented hard isolation boundary (microVM or equivalent) between sandboxes and my systems | platform-engineer | fullC 8/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialT 5/10 | fullX 7/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialT 3/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
| Isolation security — stories about isolation security in this arenaGive an agent a sandbox where host secrets and credentials are unreachable by the code it runs | ai-native | fullC 7/10 | fullT 8/10 | partialT 5/10 | partialX 6/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 5/10 | partialC 6/10 |
Network policy
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isolation security — stories about isolation security in this arenaRestrict or allow the sandbox's network egress with explicit policy | platform-engineer | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialT 5/10 | disputedD 3/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Openness — open source, data portability, and self-hosting storiesOpenness
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Openness — open source, data portability, and self-hosting storiesDo everything through the API that I can do in the UI | ai-native | partialT 6/10 | partialT 7/10 | partialT 6/10 | fullX 7/10 | fullT 7/10 | partialT 6/10 | partialT 5/10 | partialT 6/10 |
| Openness — open source, data portability, and self-hosting storiesExport all of my data in open formats and leave | ai-native | partialC 4/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
| Openness — open source, data portability, and self-hosting storiesRead the product's source under an open license | ai-native | fullC 7/10 | disputedD 4/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
| Openness — open source, data portability, and self-hosting storiesSelf-host the core product | ai-native | partialC 6/10 | disputedD 4/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Performance scale — stories about performance scale in this arenaPerformance scale
Latency
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Performance scale — stories about performance scale in this arenaStart sandboxes with documented sub-second-to-few-second cold starts | developer | none 0/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 6/10 | none 0/10 |
Scale
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Performance scale — stories about performance scale in this arenaRun large concurrent fleets of sandboxes with documented concurrency limits | platform-engineer | partialC 6/10 | none 0/10 | partialX 5/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 3/10 | partialC 5/10 | partialC 3/10 | none 0/10 |
| Performance scale — stories about performance scale in this arenaKeep a sandbox session running for hours or days for long agent tasks | developer | partialC 7/10 | none 0/10 | partialX 5/10 | disputedD 5/10 | partialC 6/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 5/10 | partialT 5/10 |
Pricing limits — free-tier ceilings, usage caps, and rate limits before you have to payPricing limits
Pricing
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pricing limits — free-tier ceilings, usage caps, and rate limits before you have to payStart building with a free tier or included credits without talking to sales | developer | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 8/10 | none 0/10 | fullC 8/10 |
| Pricing limits — free-tier ceilings, usage caps, and rate limits before you have to payPay per second only for the compute a sandbox actually uses | platform-engineer | partialC 4/10 | partialC 6/10 | fullX 8/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 3/10 | none 0/10 |
Privacy posture — data-handling and privacy storiesPrivacy posture
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Privacy posture — data-handling and privacy storiesChoose where my data is stored (region/residency) | ai-native | partialC 4/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 5/10 | none 0/10 | partialC 6/10 | none 0/10 |
| Privacy posture — data-handling and privacy storiesPrevent my data from being used to train AI models | ai-native | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | n/a | n/a | n/a | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
| Privacy posture — data-handling and privacy storiesControl data retention and deletion | ai-native | partialC 6/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
| Privacy posture — data-handling and privacy storiesOpt out of telemetry and usage tracking | ai-native | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Provisioning lifecycle — creating, updating, and tearing down resources across their lifecycleProvisioning lifecycle
Lifecycle
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provisioning lifecycle — creating, updating, and tearing down resources across their lifecycleSet timeouts so sandboxes shut down automatically and stop billing when idle or done | developer | fullC 8/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | disputedD 3/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 5/10 | partialC 6/10 | none 0/10 |
| Provisioning lifecycle — creating, updating, and tearing down resources across their lifecycleSpin up an isolated sandbox with one API/SDK call and get a live environment in seconds | developer | fullC 9/10 | fullT 9/10 | fullT 8/10 | fullX 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 9/10 | partialT 6/10 | fullT 7/10 |
Preview access
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provisioning lifecycle — creating, updating, and tearing down resources across their lifecycleExpose a port from the sandbox on a public preview URL to reach services running inside | developer | none 0/10 | none 0/10 | partialT 3/10 | fullC 9/10 | partialC 5/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 6/10 |
Snapshot persistence — stories about snapshot persistence in this arenaSnapshot persistence
Snapshots
| Story | Persona | E2B | Daytona | Modal Sandboxes | Cloudflare Sandboxes | Vercel Sandbox | Runloop | Blaxel | Maritime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Snapshot persistence — stories about snapshot persistence in this arenaPause a running sandbox and resume it later with filesystem and memory state intact | developer | fullC 8/10 | partialC 6/10 | partialC 4/10 | partialX 5/10 | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 5/10 | none 0/10 |
| Snapshot persistence — stories about snapshot persistence in this arenaSnapshot a sandbox and later restore or fork new sandboxes from that snapshot | developer | fullC 8/10 | fullC 8/10 | partialC 5/10 | partialX 5/10 | partialC 6/10 | fullC 8/10 | none 0/10 | none 0/10 |
Verdict✓ fullclear evidence~ partialwith caveats! disputedevidence conflicts— noneno evidence foundn/aquestion doesn't apply to this kind of product
ProofT probedtested by usX communityusers back itC claimedvendor claim onlyD contradictedevidence disagrees⚿ auth-gatedprobe hit a live sign-in wall — verified reachable, untestable keylessly
quality 0–10 · PA Score /100 · A–D = evidence confidence · full guideAdjacent arenas — categories often shopped togetherAdjacent arenas
Shopping this category often means shopping these too.
AI Coding Agents arenaAI Coding Agents
13 products · leader: OpenCode
Agent Frameworks & SDKs arenaAgent Frameworks & SDKs
9 products · leader: Claude Agent SDK
Software Factory arenaSoftware Factory
9 products · leader: OpenHands
Vibe-Coding App Builders arenaVibe-Coding App Builders
6 products · leader: Lovable